> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.zama.org/tfhe-rs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.zama.org/tfhe-rs/get-started/benchmarks/cpu/cpu-programmable-bootstrapping.md).

# Programmable bootstrapping

This document details the CPU performance benchmarks of programmable bootstrapping and keyswitch operations using **TFHE-rs**.

{% hint style="info" %}
All CPU benchmarks were launched on an `AWS hpc8a.96xlarge` instance equipped with two 96-core `AMD EPYC 9R45 CPU @ 2.30GHz` and 768GB of RAM.
{% endhint %}

The next tables show the execution time of a single programmable bootstrapping as well as keyswitch followed by a programmable bootstrapping depending on the precision of the input message. The associated parameters set are given. The configuration is tfhe-fft + AVX-512.

Note that these benchmarks use T-Uniform parameters. `MB-PBS` stands for multi-bit programmable bootstrapping with a grouping factor set to 4.

## P-fail: $$2^{-64}$$

![](https://2311470316-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FVsXygEQKbuBnXU0JLsUI%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1f44baba0d7c7cf31f7a879c7360ac36911f8be4%2Fcpu-pbs-benchmark-tuniform-2m64.svg?alt=media)

## P-fail: $$2^{-128}$$

![](https://2311470316-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FVsXygEQKbuBnXU0JLsUI%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-b45e1538346a68e4d331e7268d1332fbef679d24%2Fcpu-pbs-benchmark-tuniform-2m128.svg?alt=media)

## Reproducing TFHE-rs benchmarks

**TFHE-rs** benchmarks can be easily reproduced from the [source](https://github.com/zama-ai/tfhe-rs).

{% hint style="info" %}
AVX512 is now enabled by default for benchmarks when available
{% endhint %}

The following example shows how to reproduce **TFHE-rs** benchmarks:

```shell
#PBS benchmarks:
make bench_pbs

#KS-PBS benchmarks:
make bench_ks_pbs
```


---

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